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CHAPTER 5-GENERAL OOPS CONCEPT

There are five basic oops concept which we are going to describe

DATA ABSTRACTION

Data abstraction refers to, providing only essential information to the outside world and hiding their background details, i.e., to represent the needed information in program without presenting the details.

Data abstraction is a programming (and design) technique that relies on the separation of interface and implementation.

Let's take one real life example of a TV, which you can turn on and off, change the channel, adjust the volume, and add external components such as speakers, VCRs, and DVD players, BUT you do not know its internal details, that is, you do not know how it receives signals over the air or through a cable, how it translates them, and finally displays them on the screen.

 

  

   ENCAPSULATION

Encapsulation is an Object Oriented Programming concept that binds together the data and functions that manipulate the data, and that keeps both safe from outside interference and misuse. Data encapsulation led to the important OOP concept of data hiding.

MODULARITY

It is the property of a system that has been decomposed into a set of cohesive and loosely coupled modules.

it is a seperate unit in itself it can be compiled seperately though it has connections with other modules.modules work hand in hand in order to acieve the program's goal

INHERITANCE

 

It is the capability of one class of things to inherit capabilities or properties from another class.

 

Base & Derived Classes:

A class can be derived from more than one classes, which means it can inherit data and functions from multiple base classes. To define a derived class, we use a class derivation list to specify the base class(es). A class derivation list names one or more base classes and has the form:

class derived-class: access-specifier base-class

Where access-specifier is one of public, protected, or private, and base-class is the name of a previously defined class. If the access-specifier is not used, then it is private by default.

 

POLYMORPHISM

IT is the ability for a message or data to be processed in more than one form

For instance:::

Human is a subclass of mammal

iiy dog or cat is a subclass of animals

OOPS!!!!!!

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